C. automatic processing. Which of the following statements about classical conditioning in humans is FALSE? B. narcotic It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. C. representing higher executive function. D. slow down central-nervous-system activity/modify a person's perceptual experience, A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity, 86. C. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. Awareness and arousal are associated with different parts of the brain. B. Generalization In aversive conditioning experiments to treat alcohol addiction, every time a person drinks an most likely Which of the following is true of implicit memory? A. higher-level consciousness Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. D. Daydreaming most often occurs in the form of mind wandering. ________, like RAM, is comparable to what you actually have open and active at any given moment. revealed increased activity of her central nervous system. plays and as a result, she plays only that channel whenever she wants to listen to music. A. positive reinforcement. C. more than two drinks in a row will allow your ________ to flow. memory. Hypnosis control over negative outcomes. A. transience. people under hypnosis want to tell the truth: true or false. A. dietary changes. She has difficulty falling D. positive punishment. 89. A. nondeclarative memory B. classical conditioning Those who tend to become completely absorbed in what they are doing and who immerse themselves in imaginative activities are likely candidates for hypnosis. B. episodic replaced with the term discovered memories? B. depressants B. H.M. could not learn new physical tasks. A. They decrease epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. B. depressant Phoebe recently suffered a major fall in which she sustained brain injuries. Compare and contrast the two major theories of dreaming (the cognitive theory of dreaming and the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming). The cerebellum cannot hold on to information long-term. B. C. implicit D. a behavior is no longer reinforced and decreases in frequency. true. Why do we sleep? B. A. depressants. She says she needs the caffeine to function normally. Which of the following medications is she most likely taking? The contestant is in a state of Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. B. hypnagogic reverie. true. He spent much of this morning vomiting. Explain how circadian rhythms affect physiological and psychological functioning. Which of the following concepts best describes Miranda's learning A. a white rat What is the definition of a binge-drinking episode? B. D. Daydreaming makes the mind completely idle and inactive. C. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. 7. A. B. scripts D. unconditioned stimulus (US), Which of the following is the best example of an unconditioned response? C. It involves a sudden, overpowering urge to sleep. D. implicit memory. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. Marijuana and LSD are considered to be Classical conditioning B. an organism responds appropriately to stimuli that signal that a behavior will or will not be B. A person might experience insomnia, fatigue, changes in body temperature, and impaired cognitive abilities as well as an increased susceptibility to diseases and disorders. A. somniloquy Lily has been battling insomnia for a very long time. REM is an active stage of sleep that occurs in stage 5. WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. You knew exactly C. generalization. D. implicit memory. According to decay theory, why do memories fade? B.Narcolepsy B. psychological dependence. encoding information? She usually has several more cups D. Acquisition. B. A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. 65. 107. B. semantic memory/episodic memory D. dreaming. A. Barney rapidly increases the sales of his product and ensures complete sale of his stock so stimulus (US) is on its way. A. sneezing after sniffing pepper Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in addiction? This change in her work hours This is an example of A. Instinctive drift D. Nightmares/Night terrors. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. B. information over a long period of time? C. attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement A. serotonin A. extinction B. more than five drinks in a row B. B. declarative memory/nondeclarative memory Which of the following is an example of instinctive drift? B. stage 4 sleep. After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. D. Theory of mind, What theory of dreaming proposes that dreaming involves information processing and memory? Heather reported a boost in energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. What is psychological dependence and physical dependence of psychoactive drugs? Extinction 13. D. experiencing night terrors. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by D. missing class. B. the bell had become associated with food. Quizlet B. D. the therapist's plan to help Gary, 61. 38. helped Jacob to recount his knowledge of chess to Boris? The price is reduced 25% and 6 more pairs sell. A. the activation-synthesis theory D. Leonard's drug tolerance had reached its limits and his US was confounded with his CS and Latent Content: What a dream symbolizes. D. She will suggest certain events or feelings she knows will occur, such as "Your eyes are getting tired.". D. may cause Helen to be at increased risk for heart disease. Punching in a number on a cell phone is one such example. others? 2. Your father falls asleep watching TV. 21. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. According to research on alcoholism, which of the following individuals is most likely to become dependent on alcohol? The set is on sale for$44.95. A. D. Divided attention. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. She has difficulty falling asleep and awakens frequently during the night. D. amphetamines, What is the most widely used drug in the United States? The removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to increase the frequency of that D. observational learning, . Cindy is demonstrating B. based on insight and generalizations. D. long-term memory/procedural memory, George Miller's classic research showed that the average capacity of short-term is between you are asked to recall the name of a person you just met a few seconds ago, you rely on ________. Drugs, trauma, fatigue, sensory deprivation, and possibly hypnosis can induce an altered state of consciousness. 7 and 12 They enhance decision making. to make it pleasurable. Hypnosis About Hypnosis While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. D. amphetamines, 79. Miranda is learning to play tennis. D. prefrontal cortex/reticular activating system, _______ refers to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have C. in a hypnagogic state. Quizlet 121. private experiences. A. negative reinforcement. C. which is a form of respondent behavior, behavior occurs in automatic response to a stimulus. C. conditioned response (CR). 106. A trained and certified hypnotist or hypnotherapist guides you into this deep state of focus and relaxation with verbal cues, repetition and imagery. B. Jackson, who is hypnotized in his therapist's office Night terrors/ Somnambulisms C. a hypnogogic reverie. The cerebellum and ________ play an important role in implicit memory. B. cognitive system. B. daydreaming. True: If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. B. a drug no longer causes a person to get high, but they take it again. 123. B. gary's concern over monthly bills A. 28. D. Most REM sleep takes place during stage 1 of a night's sleep. Daily circadian rhythms regulate a person's sleep/wakefulness cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. 58. Grounding Larry is an example of D. Classical conditioning can explain drug habituation. In some cases, hallucinogens may produce hallucinations, which are typically visual and/or auditory perceptions that are not real. Lea is in Later, while watching TV, she finds a solution to her problem. C. Sustained attention A. classical conditioning. D. procedural memory, ________ is the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them 5. Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. B. positive punishment. B. Which of the following statements is true of daydreaming? C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. WebA. Controlled processing requires active conscious effort. D. are unconscious behaviors. Identify Non-REM Dreams: The experience of mundane, dull, everyday events when asleep. C. It is derived from natural components of plants. Ricardo broke his wrist while rollerblading in the park. This is known as divided consciousness. Homer goes to his psychotherapist and describes his recent dreams where he flies like an eagle through the sky. B. Endosymbiosis A. Miranda then tries to imitate the sequence of swings and Brett takes a drug that increases his feeling of euphoria. D. epinephrine, 99. As a physiological state, meditation shows qualities of sleep and wakefulness, yet it is distinct from both. Belinda now works in a caf and has D. getting into trouble with campus or local police. Quizlet D. semantic memory/episodic memory, Which of the following involves memory for skills? binary consciousness. It is most likely that Mr. Owens suffers from Thus, when we see lightning, we however, a psychology student, quickly surmise that the bears had most likely undergone alarm sound. C. the relatively stable, observable changes in a person's actions During acquisition, the conditioned stimulus loses its significance once the association stimulus in this scenario is the Since the accident he has been taking morphine, a powerful pain killer. Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement? They interrupt others people's study or sleep. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. B. exhibiting increased level of consciousness. Hypnosis D. subconscious awareness. D. Jeff wakes up a few seconds before his alarm clock goes off in order to avoid the obnoxious Her biological clock has become desynchronized. Which of the following can best explain her behavior? D. somnambulism. B. self-actualization B. the latent content of Homer's dream. misbehavior toward his little brother decreases. After several weeks of taking the drug, she noticed that she no longer fits into most of her A. reinforced stimulus. A. Maria, who is working out an algebra problem on a piece of paper, 9. Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. reinforced. D. theory of activation-synthesis. D. emotional system. 42. D. demonstrating automatic processing, The biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is called unconditional response for conditioning Albert to fear a white rat. B. B. repressed C. framing effect of divided attention suggests that watching TV while studying will ________ Elsa's exam performance. D. Priming. In the context of operant conditioning, Shirley's behavior exemplifies D. stimulant, 93. She is B. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. reinforced for successfully running through it. Discuss the distinctions among depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. 18. personalities that she exhibits as a result of her condition. A deeper level of understanding is gathered through shallow processing than through B. Sophia, who began drinking at age 65 92. Psychological dependence is the strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons. C. insight learning C. depressant On Friday, he became desperate for the drug while visiting with Specialists refer to sleep stages 1-4 as non-REM sleep. Compared with to dreams that occur during the REM stage, those that occur during the non-REM stage are D. executive processes. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. B. rehearsing C. interfere with other ongoing activities. C. declarative memory C. positive punishment Gary turned to his wife when he woke up and said, "You won't believe what I dreamed. D. acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination, . B. attention, retention, generalization, and discrimination How much Social Security taxes will be deducted from her salary in November? C) It is known to negatively affect the performances of athletes. A. psychological addiction Identify 110. C. implicit memory D. observational learning, Elaine is writing a paper about reactions to the tragedy that occurred at the Twin Towers on C. hallucinogens. Repeated usage of marijuana can enhance attention and memory. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. B. sleeping. While watching television, you can see how advertisers cunningly apply classical-conditioning Psychology Chapter 5 statements about hypnosis B. long-term memory/short-term memory Ian's behavior exemplifies A. hippocampus/corpus callosum 4. The _____ is a small brain structure that uses input from the retina to synchronize its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark. B. tranquilizer. A. the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. C. conditioned stimulus/neutral stimulus A. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals B. brain's activities. Chunking involves D. the bell had become a conditioned response. D. Stimulants, Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. 104. A. stimulant The drug she took is most likely a The theory rests on the idea that dreams are essentially conscious cognitive processing. B. Physical/psychological A. barbiturate. During REM sleep, the sleeper's eyeballs move up and down and from left to right. B. Individuals with "discovered" memories experience them as real, whether or not the Controlled processes represent the most alert state of human consciousness. Drug addiction occurs when B. In the context of classical conditioning,________ occurs when the conditioned response dissipates C. Self-actualization The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. Unlike Freud's approach, cognitive theory does not investigate the latent content of a dream. B. the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave. Explain how these drugs affect physical and psychological functioning. 53. The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. B. Hypnosis a lot of people can be hypnotized: true or false. D. within three hours of falling asleep. They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. . Psych 101 Final Study Guide D. hypnosis involves a special state of consciousness in which consciousness is split into separate components. C. trial-and-error learning B. autobiographical B. Daydreaming occurs when the individual is doing something that requires full attention. D. neural activity begins with the brain. B. short-term memory B. strongly increase The ________ is the tendency to recall the items at the beginning and end of a list more readily Identify the true statement about barbiturates. The next day, the baby's mother brings home some pink flowers. 30. 91. Daydreaming would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? A. sensory C. heroin A. dreams are caused by neurotransmitter levels. 95. D. prefrontal cortex/reticular activating system. For a moment you wonder if he's dead, but suddenly he snorts and resumes snoring. play a very important role in ________ memory. C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. In classical-conditioning situations, the ________ is unlearned, but the ________ is learned. statements about hypnosis She will minimize distractions in her office and make Mitchell comfortable. B. Elaboration can occur at any level of processing. C. Jennifer's tests are based on recognition. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. A. somniloquy. C. in an altered state of consciousness. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. Hypnosis usually is done with the guidance of a health care B. need more conscious effort than controlled processes. B. depressant B. attention. C. Insight learning C. increased tolerance. Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of hypnosis is FALSE? B. cueing. A. are less common than nightmares. C. the divided-consciousness view of hypnosis. A. Tranquilizers A. automatic processing. Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. D. sleep apnea. Hypnosis usually is done with the guidance of a health care D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. B. stage 2 sleep. your computer for 15 minutes and write whatever comes into your head. D. Working memory's storage capacity is virtually unlimited. _____ is a sleep disorder in which individuals stop breathing because the windpipe fails to open or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work properly. a stream of consciousness that consists of a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. C. have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like. B. GABA The cognitive theory of dreaming claims that we can understand dreaming by applying the same cognitive concepts we use in studying the waking mind. C. It is more likely to occur when individuals are sleep deprived. behavior. The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. C. amphetamine Lightning is associated with thunder and regularly precedes it. conditioned stimulus. Research indicates that hypnosis is most useful for pain reduction. D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. B) It can help to cure cocaine addiction. meaningful units. Although dreams occur during both non-REM and REM stages, dreams are more frequently experienced in the REM stage. subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. A. fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities. A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity Depressants, like alcohol, slow down activity in the central nervous system. D. displacement. B. Amphetamines B. lacking awareness. process? A. stimulant D. unconditioned stimulus, Classical conditioning can produce ________, which is a decrease in the production of antibodies C. Explicit memory/Implicit memory The adage "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" best reflects which of the following types of A. fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities. clothes. and his body was not prepared to take the effect under the new setting. What consequences will Garrett likely experience as a result of staying up all night to study? Applied behavior analysis is based on the concept of D. psychoactivity. Physical features are analyzed in the process of shallow processing. A. behavior is a consequence of the conditioned stimulus (CS). is the president of the U.S. D. a hypnogogic reverie. C. somnambulism. C. secondary reinforcement. D. insomnia. During a class lecture, Veronica fancies herself to be attending a Bon Jovi concert in Miami. C. hypnosis involves the retention of a single state of consciousness. It is a special form of episodic memory. They decrease the risk of exposure to HIV. Sleep serves many functions, including restoration, adaptation, growth, and memory consolidation. B. negative reinforcement A. operant conditioning. C. hallucinogens After several weeks of taking the drug, she noticed that she no longer fits into most of her clothes. Leonard is addicted to heroin, but is very careful about overdosing. The remaining 12 pairs of skates are marked down to 50% of the original selling price and are finally sold. D. Psychology and medicine recognize hypnosis as a legitimate process. One set of studies has shown that many cells show increased production during sleep. B. hallucinogens. A. in an altered state of consciousness. The active ingredient in marijuana is THC, which specifically affects serotonin. C. Dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams under the cognitive theory. C. have a script for what happens in a restaurant. Hypnosis can not be practiced on everyone, as usually only highly suggestible people respond to it. perspiration). WebQuestion: Identify a true statement about hypnosis. D. recognition/recall. B. William James's theory Automatic processes occur at a lower level of awareness than controlled processes, but they are still conscious behaviors. B. C.night terrors 15. Psychology Chapter 5 A. brain. WebWhich of the following statements about hypnosis is true? Physical dependence is a physiological need for a drug that causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms, such as pain or craving. After the surgery, his epilepsy was cured, but his memory was impaired. Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. A. C. less vivid. D. meditation. 5 B. neutral stimulus/conditioned stimulus A. classical conditioning. D. Autobiographical memories predominantly characterize the very first few years of life. D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. It has been found most useful in preparing people for anesthesia , enhancing the drug response, and reducing the required dosage. C. glutamate Taste aversion is an example of D. Maria, who is working out an algebra problem on a piece of paper. What is the most widely used drug in the United States? ________, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. C. nondeclarative memory D. There has been strong declines in adolescent use of LSD, Ecstasy, sedatives, and cigarettes. These of the following best describes the effect that surgery had on H.M.'s memory? 31. WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. A. procedural memory Nicotine raises _____ levels in the brain. B. A. mother. Hypnosis 10 loudly as soon as she sees it. The drug also enhances his level of activity and pleasurable A. D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. B. chunking C. It is more likely to occur when individuals are sleep deprived. Food Hypnosis true/false View A. She realizes that she has put on ten pounds. Sexual satisfaction D. Being anesthetized. A. the social-cognitive-behavior view of hypnosis. Her response is an example of a A. 87. C. Generalization C. retrograde amnesia. While attending a lecture, Lea starts yawning and fights hard to stay awake. by delta waves. B. semantic memory C. They damage other people's property. A. higher-level consciousness C. reinforcement. learning. Larry is grounded each time he hits his little brother. D. Margaret will have difficulty with short-term memories. B. quickly scanning information for relevant details. C. negative punishment. A. Theory of awareness A. REM sleep decreases as the night progresses. B. immunosuppression D. altered states of consciousness. B. Valium subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. C. chunks Define the five levels of awareness and give an example of each. B. following sleep apnea. D. a learner's behavior is followed by a pleasant consequence. A rabbit learns to play with children in the park. According to the American Psychological Association's Div. 72. Which of the following is true of observational learning?

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